From 6 February 1952 until her death on 8 September 2022, Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – other Commonwealth nations) served as the monarch of the United Kingdom.
During her lifetime, she had the regency over 32 sovereign states, and there were 15 at the time of her passing.
Her 70 years and 214 days of reigning are the longest of any British monarch, the longest of any woman to hold the office of head of state in history, and the second-longest reign that has been independently authenticated of any monarch in history.
Elizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the first child of the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth).
She was educated privately at home and began to undertake public duties during the Second World War, serving in the Auxiliary Territorial Service.
In November 1947, she married Philip Mountbatten, a former prince of Greece and Denmark, and their marriage lasted 73 years until his death in April 2021.
When her father died in February 1952, Elizabeth—then 25 years old—became queen of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon (known today as Sri Lanka), as well as Head of the Commonwealth.
Elizabeth reigned as a constitutional monarch through major political changes such as the Troubles in Northern Ireland, devolution in the United Kingdom, the decolonisation of Africa, and the United Kingdom's accession to the European Communities and withdrawal from the European Union.
She was served by 15 prime ministers during her reign, more than any other British monarch.
Throughout her lifetime, support for the monarchy in the United Kingdom remained consistently high, as did her personal popularity.
Elizabeth died aged 96 at Balmoral Castle, Aberdeenshire, in September 2022, and was succeeded by her eldest son, King Charles III.
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