Hydrogen is the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. Hydrogen is the lightest element. At standard conditions hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules having the formula H2. It is colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all […]
Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds. Oxygen is Earth’s most abundant element, and after hydrogen and helium, it is the third-most abundant element in the universe.
The Sun is the central star of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect ball of hot plasma that has been heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion processes in its center and radiates energy mostly as visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared radiation. It is by far the most essential source of energy for
Battery Tynes is a historic artillery battery in Charleston, South Carolina, located on James Island. It was erected in 1863 to defend the upper Stono River and the bridge between James Island and Johns Island, South Carolina. The earthen redoubt is about 320 feet long and 180 feet deep. It features a parapet wall 10–20
The elevation of a geographic location is its height above or below a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid. The term elevation is mainly used when referring to points on the Earth’s surface, while altitude or geopotential height is used for points above the surface. Elevation is not to be confused with the
Continental drift is the theory that the Earth’s continents have shifted relative to one another during geologic time, giving the impression that they have “drifted” over the ocean floor. Abraham Ortelius proposed the theory that continents ‘drifted’ in 1596. Alfred Wegener separately and more extensively established the notion in 1912, but his hypothesis was dismissed
The hydrosphere is defined as the total mass of water found on, beneath, and above the surface of a planet, minor planet, or natural satellite. Despite the fact that the Earth’s hydrosphere has been existing for roughly 4 billion years, it is still changing shape. This is created by seafloor spreading and continental drift, which
Europe is a continent that lies fully in the Northern Hemisphere and primarily in the Eastern Hemisphere. It consists of the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia’s continental landmass, shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Asia and Africa, and is bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world’s oceans, with an area of about 106,460,000 km2 (41,100,000 sq mi). It covers approximately 20 percent of Earth’s surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It is known to separate the “Old World” of Europe and Asia from the “New World” of the Americas in the European perception of the World.
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only known celestial object capable of harboring and supporting life. Land, which consists of continents and islands, covers 29.2 percent of the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70.8 percent is covered by water, largely in the form of oceans, seas, gulfs, and other salt-water bodies, but also