Taxation

Double Irish arrangement 5 (4)

The Double Irish was a base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) corporate tax tool used mostly by US multinationals since the late 1980s to avoid corporate taxation on non-U.S. profits. It was the largest tax avoidance tool in history and by 2010 was shielding US$100 billion annually in US multinational foreign profits from taxation, and was the main tool by

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Andrew Carnegie 5 (3)

Andrew Carnegie was a Scottish-American philanthropist and businessman. Carnegie drove the late-nineteenth-century rise of the American steel industry and became one of the wealthiest Americans in history. He rose to prominence as a philanthropist in both the United States and the British Empire. During the last 18 years of his life, he donated almost $350

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